Kupumatua:I puta mai te takirere pōro i te tekau tau atu i 1950. Nā te tere o te whanaketanga o te pūtaiao me te hangarau, me te whakapai tonu i te hangarau whakaputa me te hanganga hua, kua tere te whanake hei momo takirere nui i roto i te 50 tau noa iho. I ngā whenua whakawhanake o te uru, kei te piki haere te whakamahinga o ngā takirere pōro i ia tau.
Ko te tikanga o te takirere pōro he tapahi, he tohatoha, he whakarerekē hoki i te ahunga rere o te wai i roto i te paipa. Me huri noa i te 90 nekehanga, ā, ka taea te kati pūmau i te taipana iti. Ko te takirere pōro te mea tino pai hei whakamahi hei pana me hei takirere kati.
I te mea he rapa, he nairona me te polytetrafluoroethylene te rauemi o te hiri nohoanga mō te takirere pōro, ka herea tōna pāmahana mahi e te rauemi o te hiri nohoanga. Ka tutuki te mahi tapahi o te takirere pōro mā te pēhi i te pōro whakarewa ki te nohoanga takirere kirihou i raro i te mahi a te reo (takirere pōro mānu). I raro i te mahi a tētahi pēhanga whakapā, ka rerekē te āhua o te mowhiti hiri nohoanga takirere i ngā rohe. Ka taea e tēnei rerekētanga te whakatikatika i te tika o te hanga me te taratara o te mata o te pōro, ā, ka whakarite i te mahi hiri o te takirere pōro.
Nā te mea he mea hanga te mowhiti hiri o te nohoanga takirere o te takirere pōro ki te kirihou, i te wā e whiriwhiri ana i te hanganga me te mahi o te takirere pōro, me whai whakaaro ki te ātete ahi me te ātete ahi o te takirere pōro, inā koa i roto i te hinu, te matū, te whakarewa me ētahi atu tari, i roto i ngā pāpāho mura me ngā pahū. Mena ka whakamahia ngā takirere pōro i roto i ngā taputapu me ngā pūnaha paipa, me aro nui ake ki te ātete ahi me te tiaki ahi.
Ngā āhuatanga o te takirere pōro
1. He iti rawa te ātete rere (kore rawa). 2. Kāore e mau ina mahi ana me te kore he hinu whakahinuhinu, nō reira ka taea te whakamahi pono ki ngā mea waikura me ngā wai iti te kohua. 3. Ka taea te hiri 100% i roto i te awhe pēhanga me te pāmahana nui. 4. Ka taea te whakatuwhera me te kati tere rawa, ā, ko te wā whakatuwhera me te kati o ētahi hanganga he 0.05~0.1s noa iho, kia taea ai te whakamahi i roto i te pūnaha aunoa o te pae whakamātautau. Ina whakatuwherahia, ina kati wawetia te takirere, kāore he ru i te mahi. 5. Ka taea te whakanoho aunoa i te katinga porowhita ki tōna tūranga. 6. Ka hiri pono te mea mahi i ngā taha e rua. 7. Ina tuwhera katoa, ina kati katoa, ka wehea ngā mata hiri o te pōro me te nohoanga takirere mai i te mea, nō reira ko te mea e haere ana i roto i te takirere i te tere teitei e kore e pakaru te mata hiri. 8. Nā te hanganga kiato me te taumaha mama, ka taea te kī ko te hanganga takirere tino whaitake e tika ana mō te pūnaha mea pāmahana iti. 9. He ōrite te tinana o te takirere, inā koa ka whakarewahia te hanganga o te tinana takirere, ka taea te tu atu i te taumahatanga mai i te paipa. 10. Ka taea e te wahi kati te tu atu i te rerekētanga pēhanga teitei i te wā e kati ana. 11. Ka taea te tanu tika i te takirere pōro me te tinana takirere kua whakarewahia katoatia ki te whenua, kia kore ai e memeha ngā taha o roto o te takirere, ā, ka taea e te roanga mahi mōrahi te eke ki te 30 tau. Koinei te takirere tino pai mō ngā paipa hinu me te hau māori.
Te tono o te takirere pōro
Nā ngā āhuatanga ahurei maha o ngā takirere pōro e whakatau ana he whānui te whakamahinga o ngā takirere pōro. I te nuinga o te wā, i roto i te whakatikatika tūranga-rua, he tino pakari te mahi hiri, te paru, te kakahu, te whakaiti i ngā hongere, ngā mahi whakatuwhera me te kati tere (te whakatuwhera me te kati 1/4 hurihanga), te tapahi pēhanga teitei (e taunakihia ana ngā takirere pōro mō ngā pūnaha paipa he nui te rerekētanga pēhanga), te iti o te haruru, te cavitation me te hauhautanga, te iti o te turuturu ki te hau, te iti o te taipana mahi, me te iti o te ātete wai.
He pai hoki te takirere pōro mō te pūnaha paipa o te hanganga māmā, te tapahi pēhanga iti (te rerekētanga pēhanga iti) me te reo waikura. Ka taea hoki te whakamahi i ngā takirere pōro i roto i ngā whakaurunga cryogenic (cryogenic) me ngā pūnaha paipa. I roto i te pūnaha paipa hāora i roto i te umanga whakarewa, me whakamahi ngā takirere pōro kua oti te tango hinu. Ina hiahiatia te tanu i te raina matua i roto i te paipa hinu me te paipa hau ki raro i te whenua, me whakamahi he takirere pōro kua whakarewaina katoatia. Ina hiahiatia te mahi whakatikatika, me whiriwhiri he takirere pōro me te hanganga motuhake me te whakatuwheratanga āhua-V. I roto i te hinu, te matū hinu, te matū, te hiko, me te hanganga tāone, ka taea te whiriwhiri i ngā takirere pōro hiri whakarewa-ki-whakarewa mō ngā pūnaha paipa me te pāmahana mahi neke atu i te 200 nekehanga.
Te kaupapa tono o te takirere pōro
Mō ngā raina matua tuku hinu me te hau māori, ngā paipa e hiahia ana kia horoia, kia tanumia ki raro i te whenua, whiriwhiria he takirere pōro me te hanganga whakawhiti-katoa me te hanganga whakarewa-katoa; mō ngā paipa e tanumia ana ki te whenua, whiriwhiria he takirere pōro me te hononga whakarewa-katoa, hononga flange rānei; mō ngā paipa peka, whiriwhiria te hononga flange, hononga whakarewa, takirere pōro whānui-katoa, diameter-iti rānei. Ka whakamahia e ngā paipa me ngā taputapu rokiroki o te hinu parakore ngā takirere pōro flange. Mō te paipa hau tāone me te hau māori, ka tīpakohia te takirere pōro mānu me te hononga flange me te hononga miro ā-roto. Mō te pūnaha paipa hāora i roto i te pūnaha whakarewa, he mea tika kia whakamahia he takirere pōro pumau kua oti te tango hinu me te flange. Mō te pūnaha paipa me te taputapu o te reo pāmahana iti, me tīpako te takirere pōro pāmahana iti me te taupoki takirere. Mō te pūnaha paipa o te waeine pakaru catalytic o te waeine whakangawari hinu, ka taea te whiriwhiri i te takirere pōro momo tokotoko hiki. Mō ngā taputapu me ngā pūnaha paipa o ngā pāpāho waikura pērā i te waikawa me te kawakore i roto i ngā pūnaha matū, me tīpako ngā takirere pōro kowiri tira katoa i hangaia ki te kowiri tira austenitic me te PTFE hei mowhiti hiri nohoanga takirere. Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā takirere pōro hiri whakarewa-ki-whakarewa i roto i ngā pūnaha paipa, i ngā taputapu rānei o te reo pāmahana teitei i roto i ngā pūnaha whakarewa, ngā pūnaha hiko, ngā tipu hinu, me ngā pūnaha whakamahana tāone. Mēnā e hiahiatia ana te whakatikatika rere, ka taea te whiriwhiri i tētahi takirere pōro whakahaere e peia ana e te taputapu kutukutu, te hau, te hiko rānei me te whakatuwheratanga āhua-V.
Whakarāpopototanga:He whānui rawa te whakamahinga o ngā takirere pōro, kei te whānui tonu te momo me te nui o te whakamahinga, ā, kei te whanake haere i te huarahi ki te pēhanga teitei, te pāmahana teitei, te whānui nui, te mahi hiri teitei, te roa o te ora, te mahi whakatikatika pai me te maha-mahi o te takirere kotahi. Kua eke tōna pono me ētahi atu tohu mahi ki tētahi taumata tiketike, ā, kua whakakapia ētahi o ngā takirere kuaha, ngā takirere porowhita, me ngā takirere whakahaere. Nā te ahunga whakamua hangarau o ngā takirere pōro, ka whānui ake te whakamahinga i roto i te wā poto e kitea ana, inā koa i roto i ngā paipa hinu me te hau, ngā parapara i roto i te whakamahine hinu me te umanga karihi. Hei tāpiri, ka noho hoki ngā takirere pōro hei tētahi o ngā momo takirere matua i roto i ngā mara o te pehanga nui me te reo, te pēhanga reo me te iti i roto i ētahi atu umanga.
Wā tuku: Paenga-whāwhā-01-2022