Ngā Tohu Takirere 101: Te Mārama ki ngā Momo Matua, ngā Paerewa, me ngā Whakamahinga i roto i ngā Kauwhata P&ID

He aha ngā tohu takirere

Ko ngā tohu takirere he whakaaturanga whakairoiro paerewa e whakamahia ana i roto iNgā Kauwhata Paipa me ngā Taputapu (P&ID)hei whakaatu i te momo, te mahi, me te whakahaere o ngā takirere i roto i tētahi pūnaha. Ka whakaratohia e ēnei tohu he "reo" whānui mō ngā miihini, ngā kaihoahoa, me ngā tohunga hangarau ki te whakawhitiwhiti kōrero whai hua mō ngā pūnaha paipa uaua.

He aha te hiranga o ngā tohu takirere

1. Te Māramatanga i roto i te HoahoaWhakakorea te koretake o ngā tuhi hangarau.

2. Te Paerewa ā-AoWhāia ngā paerewa ISO, ANSI, ISA rānei kia rite ai.

3. Haumaru me te Whai HuaKia tika te whiriwhiringa o te takirere me te mahi a te pūnaha.

4. Te rapurongoāWhakangāwaritia ngā whakarerekētanga tiaki me ngā mahi.

Ngā Tohu Takirere Noa e Whakamāramahia ana

1. Tohu Takirere Pōro

– He porowhita me te rārangi poutū e puta ana i waenganui.

– He tohu mō te āheinga whakaweto tere; he mea noa i roto i ngā pūnaha hinu, hau, me te wai.

2. Tohu Takirere Keti

– He tapatoru e anga whakarunga/whakararo ana i waenganui i ngā rārangi whakapae e rua.

– E tohu ana i te whakahaere nekehanga rārangi mō te rere katoa, te wehe rānei.

3. Tohu Takirere

– He pere iti kei roto i tētahi porowhita, he āhua rānei "pākiki".

– Ka whakarite i te rere kotahi te ahunga; ka ārai i te rere whakamuri i roto i ngā paipa.

4. Tohu Takirere Pūrerehua

– E rua ngā rārangi whakarara e whakawhiti ana i tētahi porowhita.

– Whakamahia mō te whakawhāiti i te hau; he mea noa i roto i ngā pūnaha pēhanga iti, whānui nui.

5. Tohu Takirere Porowhita

– He āhua taimana i roto i tētahi porowhita.

– I hangaia mō te whakahaere tika i te rere i roto i ngā tono pēhanga teitei.

Ngā Paerewa Matua mō ngā Tohu Takirere

- ISO 14691: E tohu ana i ngā tohu takirere whānui mō ngā pūnaha ahumahi.

- ANSI/ISA 5.1: Te whakahaere i ngā tohu P&ID i te US

- DIN 2429Te paerewa Pākehā mō ngā tuhi hangarau.

Ngā Tohutohu mō te Pānui i ngā Tohu Takirere

- Me whakamahi tonu i te pūrākau P&ID mō ngā rerekētanga motuhake ki tētahi kaupapa.

- Tuhia ngā momo pūwhakaoho (hei tauira, ā-ringa, hau, hiko) e hono ana ki ngā tohu.

Te māramatangangā tohu takirerehe mea nui mō te hoahoa pūnaha tika, te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga haumaru, me te mahi tahi pai puta noa i ngā tīma hangarau. Ahakoa te whakamārama i tētahitakirere pōrote mahi whakaweto, tetakirere porowhitate tūranga whakatere, te matatau ki ēneingā tohue whakarite ana i te whai huatanga o te whakahaere kaupapa.